Slide 1: The AccessibilityOnline Webinar Series
A collaborative program between the ADA National Network and the US Access Board

Title: “Communication Elements and Features”
The Session is Scheduled to begin at 2:30pm Eastern Time
We will be testing sound quality periodically

Audio and Visual are provided through the on-line webinar system.   This session is closed captioned. Individuals may also listen via telephone by dialing 712-432-3100 code 930098 # (This is not a Toll Free number)

The content and materials of this training are property of the US Access Board and the Great Lakes ADA Center and cannot be used and/or distributed without permission.  This program is funded  through  a contract agreement with the U.S. Access Board. For permission to use training content or obtain copies of materials used as part of this program please contact us by email at adata@adagreatlakes.org or toll free (877)232-1990 (V/TTY)

Slide 2:  Webinar Features
•	Closed captioning – click  CC icon (top of screen) or control-F8 and adjust the captioning screen as needed
•	Customize your view – choose “View” from the menu bar at the top of the screen and choose the layout you prefer from the dropdown menu.
•	Questions - type and submit questions in the Chat Area Text box or press control-M and enter text in the Chat Area
•	Emotions/Hand-raising:  Please do not use these features during this session

Slide 3: Presenters:
David Baquis	
Rex Pace

Slide 4: Accessible Communication Elements and Features Session Agenda
•	ADA and ABA Standards Chapter 7 and Additional
•	Information and Communications Technology Access 

Slide 5: CHAPTER 7: Communication Elements and Features

Slide 6: New ADA and ABA Standards
Based on the Board’s ADA-ABA Guidelines (2004)
2010 Standards- DOJ includes several additional requirements/ revisions. See www.ada.gov
Slide 7: Current ADA Standards
2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design is now the only standard.

Slide 8: Auxiliary Aids and Services -
Effective Communications
Regulatory Sections 35.160 (Title II) and 36.603 (Title III)

Slide 9: Architectural Barriers Act
Covers:
•	facilities that are designed, constructed, altered, or leased by, or on behalf of the United States.
•	facilities receiving certain types of Federal Financial assistance.

Slide 10: Current ABA Standards 
•	DOD, USPS, and GSA Standards 
•	Similar standards in effect for all federally funded facilities (except housing) 
•	HUD-UFAS still applies (HUD to update standards)

Slide 11: Online Guidance www.access-board.gov/ada/
Screen shot of the US Access Board Website

Slide 12: New vs. Existing
•	 New Construction - building standard
•	 Planned Alterations of existing facilities
•	 Requirements for Alterations go to the 	scope of work
•	 Path of Travel obligations are in addition to scope of work

Slide 13: CHAPTER 7
•	Communication Elements & Features:
•	Fire Alarm Systems
•	Signs 
•	Telephones
•	Detectable Warnings
•	Assistive Listening Systems
•	ATMs & Fare Machines
•	Two-Way Communication Systems

Slide 14: Fire Alarm Systems
•	Where provided, compliance required in:
•	Public and Common Use Areas (215.2)
•	Employee Work Areas (215.3) – wiring for visual alarms
•	Transient Lodging Guest Rooms (215.4)
•	Residential Dwelling Units (215.5)
•	Alterations Exception (215.2) - compliance required only when system upgraded/ replaced or new one is installed

Slide 15: Fire Alarm Systems
NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm Code (1999 or 2002) – referenced standard
National Fire Protection Association (www.nfpa.org) 
2010 Standards - sound level of 110 dB max.
Exception for systems in medical care facilities – accordance with industry practice

Slide 16: Fire Alarm Systems
NFPA 72 covers:
•	flash rate & pulse duration
•	location - wall & ceiling
•	minimum intensity 
•	larger coverage thru fewer appliances
•	many spaces (other than corridors) can be covered by 1 appliance
•	synchronization of multiple appliances

Slide 17: Signs
Scope (216)
•	Designations for permanent rooms and spaces, exit doors (216.2)  
–	both tactile and visual requirements (703.2 Raised Characters and 703.5 Visual Characters)  
•	Directional and Informational Signs (216.3) only visual requirements
(703.5 Visual Characters)

Slide 18: Signs
•	Exempt (216.1):
–	temporary signs,
–	building menus, directories, addresses,
–	company names/logos, 
–	signs in detention/ correctional areas that are not public use

Slide 19: Signs
Tactile & Visual              	
–	“Room 123”		      	     
–	“Restroom”		     	     
–	“Mechanical Room”	     
–	“Exit”
–	“Floor B”			     
–	“Ballroom A” 		     
–	“C. Smith Room”	 	     
Visual Only
–	“Exit” with arrow
–	“Accounting Department” 
–	“Visitors must sign in”
Exempt
–	Building directory
–	“Mr. C. Smith, Accountant”

Slide 20: Tactile Signs 
•	Means of Egress (216.4):
      – Exit Doors – tactile and visual, includes exit discharge
      – Areas of refuge – instructions
      – Directional Signs – visual characters
•	Parking (216.5) – Section 502.6:
      – Exceptions where 4 or less spaces and assigned residential parking
•	Amusement Rides (216.12) – access/locations

Slide 21: Signs
identified where not all are accessible:
•	Entrances (216.6) 
•	Elevators (216.7)
•	Toilet and Bathing Rooms (216.8)
•	Check-Out Aisles (216.11)
         - with aisle identification

Slide 22: Signs
Identification of communications features:
•	TTYs (216.9)
       – Identification Signs – at TTY
       – Directional Signs – at telephone without TTY and on directional signs
–	Assistive Listening Systems (216.10) 
–	informing of availability
–	at each required assembly area
–	 exception where ticket offices or windows

Slide 23: Tactile Signs
Scoping (interior & exterior):
•	 Restroom labels (at entry) 
•	 Room numbers/ names (not likely to change)
•	 Floor levels
•	 Exit access/discharge
•	 Areas of Rescue Assistance
 
Slide 24:Signs
Exempt are temporary signs, visual (informational signs) and tactile (room number) signs

Slide 25: Tactile Signs
•	 Raised characters (703.2)
•	 Grade 2 Braille (703.3)
•	 Visual access (703.5.1) – finish/contrast
•	 Pictograms (703.6) – designating  room/space

Slide 26: Raised Characters
•	1/32 minimum depth
•	uppercase
•	sans serif character
•	height and proportion character
•	stroke thickness
•	character and line spacing 

Slide 27: Braille
Braille Requirements (703.3)
Standards figure 703.3.1 Braille Measurement showing Braille dot cells and distance requirements between corresponding dots. 
Standards figure 703.3.2 Position of Braille showing enlarged detail of Braille dot location 3/8 inch minimum below tactile letters and 3/8 inch minimum from the sign border. 

Slide 28:  Tactile Signs
Standards figure 703.4.1 Height of Tactile Characters Above Finish Floor or Ground showing 48 inches minimum and 60 inches maximum height of the baseline of tactile characters above the finish floor or ground. 

Slide 29: Tactile Signs
Location (703.4.2)
–	Placement at doors
–	Push side exception for doors with closer and no hold open devices
Standards figure showing 18" by 18" minimum clearance centered at tactile characters of sign and located beyond swing of door open 45 degrees. 

Slide 30: Visual Signs (703.5) 
•	“Conventional form”
•	Character proportion and spacing
•	Character height based on viewing distance
•	Location (40” min. height)
•	Stroke thickness
•	Line spacing
•	Finish and contrast
Image of two signs.  One sign states:  Notice: Employees Only  and the second sign reads:  In case of fire use stairs and contains the international symbol for fire exit (image of stairs with a flame underneath).

Slide 31: Character Style
New standards specify “conventional form”.  Prohibited are: Italic, Oblique, Script, highly decorative, or other unusual forms, 
      
Slide 32: Pictograms
Standards figure showing sign with male pictogram on a field 6" high minimum and outside this field is the word "Men" in text and Braille. 

Slide 33: Symbols of Accessibility
Images of the International Symbol of Accessibility, Volume Control Telephone Pictogram, International Symbol of TTY, and International Symbol of Access for Hearing Loss

Slide 34: Telephones
Wheelchair accessible telephones (217.2)
At least one per floor/level, bank or exterior site
Table 217.2 Wheelchair Accessible Telephones.
Minimum number of required wheelchair accessible phones: 1 per floor, level and exterior site if there are one or more single phone units;  one wheelchair accessible phone  per floor, level and exterior site if there is a single bank of phones; and one wheelchair accessible phone per each bank.

Slide 35: Telephones (704.2.1) 
Clear floor or ground space on forward and parallel approach to phone.
Standards figure 704.2.1.1. Parallel Approach to Telephone showing maximum distance from the face of the telephone to the edge of the telephone enclosure is 10 inches and clear floor space for a parallel approach located in front of the enclosure. 
Standards figure 704.2.1.2 Forward Approach to Telephone showing maximum distance from the front edge of a counter within the telephone enclosure to the face of the telephone is 20 inches and the telephone enclosure overlaps the clear floor space for a forward approach. 

Slide 36: Telephones 
Operable Parts- Chapter 3 Requirements
Standards figures showing persons seated in wheelchairs reaching forward over a protrusion with maximum depth of 20 inches and reach height of 48 inches maximum and a figure reaching forward over a protrusion with maximum depth of 20-25 inches and reach height of 44 inches maximum. 
Standards figures showing persons seated in wheelchairs reaching to the side over an obstruction with maximum depth of 10 inches and with a maximum reach of 48 inches and a figure reaching over an obstruction with maximum depth 10-24 inches with a maximum reach height of 46 inches.  

Slide 37: Telephones 
307 (Protruding Objects)
Illustration of person walking parallel to a compliant wall mounted telephone enclosure showing the detection cane hitting the lowest edge of the enclosure at 27 inches maximum above the finished floor. 

Slide 38: Telephones – Volume Control
•	Volume controls on all public phones (213.3)
•	Volume control (704.3)
•	To 20 dB minimum
•	For incremental a 12 dB minimum intermediate step
•	Automatic reset
Photo of a phone handset with volume control. 
Image of a Volume Control Telephone Pictogram 

Slide 39: Telephones- TTYs
Scoping based on pay phones provided (217.4):
•	Banks (217.4.1) where 4 or more provided- exception is banks within 200 feet
•	Floors and buildings (217.4.2. and 217.4.3) where one TTY is provided (public building) or where 4 or more are provided (private building)
•	Exterior sites (217.4.4.) where four or more are provided

Slide 40: Telephones-TTYs
•	Rest Stops, Emergency Roadside Stops, and Service Plazas (217.4.5) – where at least one public pay telephone
•	Hospitals (217.4.6) – areas serving a hospital emergency room, hospital recovery room, or hospital waiting room
•	Transportation Facilities (217.4.7): 
-	bus or rail facility entrances
-	airport terminal, concourse, and baggage claim areas

Slide 41: Telephones- TTYs
•	Detention and Correctional Facilities (217.4.8) – areas used only by detainees or 
    inmates and security personnel
•	Shelves for Portable TTYs (217.5):
–	when bank three or more public pay telephones
–	shelf and outlet (704.5)
–	Exceptions for detention/correction facilities and phone banks with TTYs 
Illustration of a pay telephone with a shelf beneath accommodating a portable TTY.

Slide 42: Telephones-TTYs
Technical Provisions:
•	Permanently affixed and telephone cord length/acoustic coupler (704.4) 
•	Height (704.4.1) – touch surfaces of keypad 24” min. above finish floor 
-	Exception where seats are provided 
•	TTY Shelf (704.5)
Photo of a woman standing at an accessible telephone kiosk and using the keyboard. 

Slide 43: Detectable Warnings
Where required:
•	Rail platforms (810.5): 24 inches minimum wide and length of public use area of platform (705.2) 
•	Curb ramps at transit facilities (DOT Rule)
•	Curb ramps at Federal Highway Administration funded projects

Slide 44: Detectable Warnings 
Photo of a person with vision disability using detection cane alerted by detectable warnings along the edge of an exterior train boarding platform, dimension of 24 inches wide is shown for the detectable warnings. 
Photo of a curb ramp with detectable warnings. 

Slide 45: Detectable Warnings- Curb Ramps
DOT and FHWA- 2 foot minimum
Public streets and sidewalks – recommended the Proposed Accessibility Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way (www.access-board.gov)
Figures showing a 24 inch long minimum area of detectable warnings on 1) perpendicular, 2) returned, and 3) parallel curb ramps. 

Slide 46: Detectable Warnings
•	Greater range of designs and products allowed
•	Dome diameter (705.1.1) range
•	Spacing (705.1.2) range
•	Removed: resiliency/sound-on-cane contact
•	Color contrast not integral (705.1.3)
Standards figures showing the height and spacing of truncated domes. 

Slide 47: Assistive Listening Systems
•	Required where (219.2):
•	Audible communication is integral to use of space
•	Where no audio amplification exception
•	Courtrooms do not get exception
•	Not triggered by fixed seating or occupant load
Photo of an assistive listening system. 
Image of a Sign notifying of the availability of assistive listening systems. 

Slide 48: Assistive Listening Systems
•	Types of Wireless systems:
•	Infrared
•	FM Radio Transmission
•	Induction Loop
Illustration showing a woman seated in an assembly area using a portable assistive listening receiver with a headset. 

Slide 49: Assistive Listening Systems: Infrared and FM Systems 
Photo of an assembly area showing the transmission of a infrared signal reaching the receiver of a person in the audience listening to a speech.
Photo showing the transmission of a FM signal from a transmitter unit next to a speaker at a podium.
Photo showing the transmission of a FM signal reaching the receiver of a person in an audience listening to a speech.

Slide 50: Assistive Listening Systems: Induction Loop System 
Photo of an area an audience in an assembly area surrounded by an induction loop.
Illustration of an entire assembly area surrounded by an induction loop system.

Slide 51: Assistive Listening Systems 
219.3 Receivers
Table 219.3 Receivers for Assistive Listening Systems:
Capacity of Seating in Assembly Area 50 or less requires a minimum of 2 receivers and a minimum of 2 receivers are required to be hearing aid compatible
Capacity of Seating in Assembly Area 51-200 requires a minimum of 2 receivers plus 1 per 25 seats over 50 seats and a minimum of 2 receivers are required to be hearing aid compatible.
Capacity of Seating in Assembly Area 201-500 requires a minimum of 2 receivers plus 1 per 25 seats over 50 seats or a fraction thereof and a minimum of 1 per 4 receivers or fraction thereof are required to be hearing aid compatible
Capacity of Seating in Assembly Area 501-1000 requires a minimum of 20 receivers plus 1 per 33 seats over 500 seats or a fraction thereof and a minimum of 1 per 4 receivers or fraction thereof are required to be hearing aid compatible
Capacity of Seating in Assembly Area 1001-2000 requires a minimum of 35 receivers plus 1 per 50 seats over 1000 seats or a fraction thereof and a minimum of 1 per 4 receivers or fraction thereof are required to be hearing aid compatible
Capacity of Seating in Assembly Area 2001 and over requires a minimum of 55 receivers plus 1 per 100 seats over 2000 seats or a fraction thereof and a minimum of 1 per 4 receivers or fraction thereof are required to be hearing aid compatible

Slide 52: Assistive Listening Systems
 219.3 Receivers Exceptions:
•	Multiple assembly areas under one management- total number of seats in building
•	Induction loop not required to have hearing-aid compatible receivers

Slide 53: Assistive Listening Systems 
Technical Provisions:
•	Receiver Jacks (706.2)
•	Receiver Hearing-Aid Compatibility (706.3)
•	Sound Pressure Level (706.4)
•	Signal-to-Noise Ratio (706.5)
•	Peak Clipping Level (706.6)

Slide 54: ATMs and Fare Machines
Access to 1 of each type at each location (220)
•	Speech output
•	Privacy
•	Input controls
•	Display screen
•	Braille instructions (for speech mode)

Slide 55: ATMs and Fare Machines
•	Clear floor or ground space (707.2)- exception for drive up machines only
•	Operable Parts (707.3): 
–	Comply with 309- side reach
–	Differentiated by sound or touch without activation unless clear or correct key provided
–	309 exceptions for drive up only machines.

Slide 56: ATMs and Fare Machines
•	Privacy (707.4) – same degree of privacy
•	Speech output (707.5) 
–	Speech enabled machine
–	Headsets and handsets
–	Exceptions – security. Advertisements, and speech synthesis
–	User Control (707.5.1) 
–	Receipts (707.5.2)
Close up photo of an audio jack on an ATM 

Slide 57: ATMs and Fare Machines
•	Input (707.6)
–	Input Controls (707.6.1)- tactilely discernible issues
–	Numeric Keys (707.6.2) – keypad layout
–	Function Keys (707.6.3.1) Tactile symbols (707.6.3.1.)
Close up photo of a keypad and Braille instructions on an ATM. 

Slide 58: ATMs and Fare Machines

•	Display Screen (707.7) – Exception for drive up machines
–	Visibility (707.7.1) – from 40 inches above the center of the clear floor space
–	Characters (707.7.2) - sans serif font, minimum height and contrast
•	Braille Instructions (707.8) – instructions for initiating speech mode.

Slide 59: Two-Way Communication Systems
Where provided to gain admittance to a building or facility or to restricted areas within a building or facility (230)
Photo of a 2-way communication system. 

Slide 60: Two-Way Communication Systems
Technical Provisions:
•	Both audible and visual signals (708.2)
•	Handset cord length (708.3)
•	Residential dwelling unit systems (708.4) 

Slide 61: Two-Way Communication Systems
Technical Provisions:
Residential Dwelling Unit Systems:
•	Common use/ public system interface-voice and TTY communications (708.4)
•	Dwelling unit system interface-phone jack supporting voice and TTY communications (708.4)

Slide 62: Other Requirements for Communication Elements and Features 

Slide 63: Transient Lodging Guest Rooms
Table 224.4 Guest Rooms with Communication Features:
2 to 25 Guest Rooms require a minimum of 2 guest rooms with communication features
26-50 Guest Rooms require a minimum of 4 guest rooms with communication features
51-75 Guest Rooms require a minimum of 7 guest rooms with communication features
76-100 Guest Rooms requires a minimum of 9 guest rooms with communication features
101-150 Guest Rooms requires a minimum of 12 guest rooms with communication features
151-200 Guest Rooms requires a minimum of 14 guest rooms with communication features
201-300 Guest Rooms requires a minimum of 17 guest rooms with communication features
301-400 Guest Rooms requires a minimum of 20 guest rooms with communication features
401-500 Guest Rooms requires a minimum of 22 guest rooms with communication features
501-1000 Guest Rooms requires 5 percent of the total guest rooms with communication features
1001 and over Guest Rooms requires 50, plus 3 for each 100 over 1000 guest rooms with communication features
Communication features no longer required in all mobility access rooms- at least one, no more than 10% (224.5)

Slide 64: Transient Lodging Guest Rooms
•	Alarms (806.3.1)- Fire Alarm Systems (702)
•	Notification Devices (806.3.2)
–	Incoming telephone calls
–	Door knock or bell
–	Notification devices not connected to visual alarm signal
–	Telephone volume control
–	Outlet within 48# of a telephone
Photo of person using a portable TTY in a hotel guest room. 

Slide 65: Residential Facilities
New section:
Recognize coverage by HUD 504 regulations 
5% wheelchair accessible (233.3.1.1)
2% communication access features (233.3.1.2) 

Slide 66: Residential Facilities
Building Fire Alarm System (809.5.1)
alarms appliances (702) – when part of building system (809.5.1.1)
visual alarm activation – building fire alarm system (809.5.1.2)
Smoke Detection System (809.5.2)
NFPA 72 (1999 or 2002 edition)
visual alarm activation (809.5.2.1)

Slide 67:  Residential Facilities
Interconnection (809.5.3) –visual alarms
Prohibited Use (809.5.4) – visual alarms cannot be used for any other purpose
Dwelling Unit Primary Entrance (809.5.5)
Notification (809.5.5.1) – hard-wired electronic doorbell with visual signal
Identification (809.5.5.2) – identifying visitor without opening door, 180 degree minimum view 

Slide 68:  Elevators
Communication Features Addressed 
Elevators and Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators (407 & 408)
Private Residence Elevators (409) – emergency communications 
Standards figure 407.2.3.1 Floor Designations on Jambs of Elevator Hoistway Entrances showing the location of tactile floor designations on the jambs of elevator hoistway entrances. 

Slide 69:  Classroom Acoustics
Voluntary consensus standard for acoustics in classrooms - ANSI/ASA S12.60
Acoustical Society of America (www.acousticalsociety.org) 
Access Board’s Rulemaking (www.access-board.gov/acoustic/) 

Slide 70:  Information and Communications Technology (ICT)

Slide 71:  Our world consists of:
Architectural environment and Technological environment

Slide 72:  With regard to technology, the Access Board promulgated:
Guidelines for Section 255 of the Telecommunications Act
Standards for Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act
Assists Election Assistance Commission in development of voting systems guidelines

Slide 73:  Accessible Voting
Photo of a Woman voting at accessible voting machine 

Slide 74:  Section 508
•	Rehabilitation Act 
•	Federal departments and agencies
•	ICT procured, developed, used and maintained 
•	Undue burden 
•	Exceptions 
•	Types of equipment covered 
•	Product support documentation and help desk support services

Slide 75:  Section 255
•	Telecommunications Act 
•	Telecommunications manufacturers 
•	Telecommunications equipment 
•	Readily achievable 
•	Types of equipment covered 
•	Consideration of accessibility and inclusion of people with disabilities

Slide 76:  Two Drivers of IT Accessibility
	Section 508 and Section 255

Slide 77:  Why 508?
•	Surge over the past 20 in development of ICT and our use of it
•	Federal government spends billions on IT annually (buying power)
•	Increases employment of people with disabilities
•	Improves access to government services
•	Increases availability of accessible products

Slide 78:  Enforcement
•	255 complaints directed to the FCC (Federal Communication Commission)
255 remedies can include hearings and fines
•	508 complaints directed to specific agencies responsible for their ICT
•	Right to private civil action also available under 508
   508 remedy is injunctive relief (fix the problem)

Slide 79: Results of compliance
•	Communication, information and physical access to technology 
•	Benefits to people with vision, hearing, speech, dexterity and cognitive disabilities

Slide 80:  Hear, See, Feel Accessibility
Photo showing accessible phone with better volume control, better button feel, and larger text size than comparison phone.

Slide 81:  Health Information Kiosks
•	Tactilely discernible keys
•	Audio jack for privacy 
•	Timed responses provide an alert and means of extending time

Slide 82:  Fingerprint Biometrics
Photo of a fingerprint biometric on cell phone
Photo of a fingerprint biometric on laptop 
Photo of a fingerprint biometric on mouse 
Photo of a biometric on a flashdrive
Photo of a fingerprint biometric on pay-by-touch point of sale machine 

Slide 83:  Accessibility complements Accommodation
•	Accommodation can be assistive technology (AT)
•	Accessibility (508 and 255) refers to the technological environment (IT) in which the AT operates
•	Example: screen readers (AT) can be used to understand and help operate accessible software (IT) 

Slide 84:  Accessible Websites
•	Navigate via a keyboard 
•	Text equivalents for pictures
•	Captions for videos 
•	Identifies row and column headers 

Slide 85:  CAPTCHA
Image of an actual "captua" in which the letters N S F are printed in a difficult to read swirly font. 
Audio CAPTCHAs help visually impaired individuals 

Slide 86:  Product evaluation
•	No federal certification of products or approval of testing labs and consultants
•	No government-wide best practices in test methods
•	Some agencies have their own testing centers (e.g., SSA, ED, VA)
•	Don’t rely exclusively on evaluation and repair tools (for web) 
•	Develop a testing program and budget for it! 

Slide 87:  508 Refresh (draft) includes:
•	Provisions supporting video communication (sign language)
•	Proposal to harmonize with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)
•	Provision on telephone clarity (not just volume gain)
•	Provision for preservation of accessibility information 

Slide 88:  Resources
Buy Accessible Product and Services Directory: www.buyaccessible.gov 
FCC: http://apps.fcc.gov/accessibilityclearinghouse/ 
Section 508 Standards: http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/standards.htm 
W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines: http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/ 

Slide 89:  Is a mouse covered by 508?
Picture of a cat with a computer mouse in it’s mouth

Slide 90:  Questions

Slide 91:  US Access Board Contact Information
(800) 872-2253 (voice)
(800) 993-2822 (TTY)
E-mail: ta@access-board.gov
www.access-board.gov

Slide 92:  Thank you for participating in today’s webinar
Next scheduled session:  “ACCESSIBLE MINIATURE GOLF COURSES”
June 7, 2012
www.accessibilityonline.org
877-232-1990(V/TTY)